# Quotations

### Leonhard Euler

View the biography of Leonhard Euler

If a nonnegative quantity was so small that it is smaller than any given one, then it certainly could not be anything but zero. To those who ask what the infinitely small quantity in mathematics is, we answer that it is actually zero. Hence there are not so many mysteries hidden in this concept as they are usually believed to be. These supposed mysteries have rendered the calculus of the infinitely small quite suspect to many people. Those doubts that remain we shall thoroughly remove in the following pages, where we shall explain this calculus.
Mathematicians have tried in vain to this day to discover some order in the sequence of prime numbers, and we have reason to believe that it is a mystery into which the human mind will never penetrate.
Quoted in G Simmons Calculus Gems (New York 1992).
[upon losing the use of his right eye]
Now I will have less distraction.
Quoted in H Eves In Mathematical Circles (Boston 1969).
Madam, I have come from a country where people are hanged if they talk.
[In Berlin, excusing his taciturnity in conversation with the Queen Mother of Prussia, on his return from Russia]
Quoted in A Vucinich, Science in Russian Culture
Notable enough, however, are the controversies over the series 1 - 1 + 1 - 1 + 1 - ... whose sum was given by Leibniz as $\large\frac 1 2$, although others disagree. ... Understanding of this question is to be sought in the word "sum"; this idea, if thus conceived -- namely, the sum of a series is said to be that quantity to which it is brought closer as more terms of the series are taken -- has relevance only for convergent series, and we should in general give up the idea of sum for divergent series.
Although to penetrate into the intimate mysteries of nature and thence to learn the true causes of phenomena is not allowed to us, nevertheless it can happen that a certain fictive hypothesis may suffice for explaining many phenomena.
D'Alembert, that great genius, seems to be far too ready to pull down everything he has not himself built up.
Letter to Lagrange.
For since the fabric of the universe is most perfect and the work of a most wise creator, nothing at all takes place in the universe in which some rule of the maximum or minimum does not appear.