12th May

On this day in 1819, Sophie Germain wrote to Gauss
... I have never ceased to think of the theory of numbers. ... A long time before our Academy proposed as the subject of a prize the proof of the impossibility of Fermat's equation, this challenge ... has often tormented me.
She proposed a strategy for a general proof of Fermat's last theorem: the first substantial progress in 200 years.

The postage stamp of one of today's mathematicians at THIS LINK was issued in 1939.