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1. sci_hi PDF (891k)

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/SH/maxwell_sh.pdf

   13 Dec 2025: Starting with Daniel Bernoulli,[10] this theory was further elaborated by the following investigations of John Herapath, John James Waterston, James Prescott Joule [11] and especially by Rudolf Clausius.[4] It ... Blog • [10] Daniel Bernoulli and the

2. William Thomson (1824 - 1907) - Biography - MacTutor History of…

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Thomson/

   21 Aug 2026: However, historians of science have already called attention to Thomson's difficulties in reconciling a principle formulated by James Prescott Joule with another principle formulated by Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot, and ... Joule's ideas on heat were to

3. sci_hi PDF (348k)

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/SH/thomson_sh.pdf

   15 Dec 2025: 7] Carnot and Thermodynamics, SciHi blog, June 1, 2014. • [8] William Thomson, at Famous Scientists • [9] William Thomson, 1st Baron of Kelvin at Largs, Biography, at Britannica Online • [10] James Prescott ... Joule and the True Nature of Heat,

4. Giuseppe Basso (1842 - 1895) - Biography - MacTutor History of…

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Basso/

   7 Oct 2024: 1825-1889) Wilhelm Weber, James Prescott Joule (1818-1889), and Enrico Betti.

5. sci_hi PDF (267k)

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/SH/clausius_sh.pdf

   11 Dec 2025: After the discovery of the law of conservation of energy (1st law of thermodynamics) by Julius Robert von Mayer,[8] James Prescott Joule and Hermann von Helmholtz, a new thermodynamics had

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7. Basso publications - MacTutor History of Mathematics

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Basso_publications/

   7 Mar 2023: Sc. di Torino, Vol. XXV. Giacomo Prescott Joule, parole di commemorazione, Atti Acc.

8. Rudolf Clausius (1822 - 1888) - Biography - MacTutor History of…

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Clausius/

   18 Jan 2026: Clausius had experimental evidence of this law, not from his own experiments but from those of Joule. ... Clausius was very critical that a German had been the first to establish the result, not the Englishman Joule.

9. Obituary notices of fellows deceased PDF (1678k)

   https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/RS/reynolds_rs.pdf

   6 Nov 2025: to Joule, which resulted in the beautiful statue by Gilbert which now adorns the Manchester Town Hall. ... This was prompted by a number of considerations. The original determination of Joule depended ultimately on the properties of a particular

10. Joseph Larmor, 1857-1942 - RSE Obituary - MacTutor History of…

    https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Obituaries/Larmor_RSE_Obituary/

    12 Jul 2023: just devised the concept of potential, when MacCullagh and Hamilton, and later Stokes, were developing the optics of Fresnel, and Kelvin and Joule, were soon to establish the theory of heat ... The three Dublin giants, Kelvin from Belfast and his brother

11. Lancelot Hogben (1895 - 1975) - Biography - MacTutor History of…

    https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Hogben/

    18 Jan 2026: Lancelot Hogben was the son of Thomas Hogben (1850-1921) and Margaret Alice Prescott (1858-1949). ... We note that William and Mary's thirteen year old daughter Margaret Alice Prescott was also living there and, at the 1881 census, Thomas Hogben was